Síntese de ácidos graxos livres do óleo de caroço de algodão
Resumo
R E S U M O
Vislumbrando obter um hidrolisado com elevados percentuais de ácidos graxos livres (AGLs), o presente trabalho teve como objetivo explorar a hidrólise enzimática do óleo de caroço de algodão (OCA). Diferentes pré-tratamentos para purificação do óleo foram propostos, dos quais a lavagem com água aquecida à 80 ºC resultou em apreciáveis 52,2% de AGLs, sendo esta etapa fixada para a condução das posteriores. O efeito das variáveis do processo (percentual de água, pH da solução tampão e percentual de catalisador) foi avaliado sequencialmente, por meio dos catalisadores enzimáticos Lipozyme® RM IM e Lipozyme® TL IM. O aumento do percentual de água (5-100% em relação à massa de óleo) e pH da solução tampão (5,7-8,2) no meio reacional foi proporcional ao aumento da formação de AGL para ambas as enzimas avaliadas, com destaque para a Lipozyme® TL IM. Ao analisar a influência do catalisador (1-15%), pode-se constatar que menores percentuais (5%) promoveram a formação de maiores teores de AGLs (~83%). Após efeito das variáveis, na faixa experimental considerada, ~83% de AGLs foram obtidos utilizando 50% de solução tampão à pH 8,2 e 5% de enzima Lipozyme® TL IM, durante 6 horas de reação à 55 ºC e 400 rpm.
Palavras-Chaves: Catálise enzimática, Hidrólise, Variáveis experimentais.
Synthesis of free fatty acids of cotton seed oil
A B S T R A C T
Seeking to obtain a hydrolyzate with high percentages of free fatty acids (FFA), the present work aimed to explore the enzymatic hydrolysis of cottonseed oil (OCA). Different pretreatments for oil purification were proposed, of which washing with water heated to 80 ºC resulted in appreciable 52.2% of FFAs, this stage being fixed for the conduction of the latter. The effect of the process variables (water percentage, buffer pH and percentage of catalyst) was evaluated sequentially through the enzymatic catalysts Lipozyme® RM IM and Lipozyme® TL IM. The increase in the percentage of water (5-100% in relation to the oil mass) and pH of the buffer solution (5.7-8.2) in the reaction medium was proportional to the increase of FFA formation for both enzymes evaluated, with emphasis on Lipozyme® TL IM. When analyzing the influence of the catalyst (1-15%), it can be seen that lower percentages (5%) promoted the formation of higher levels of AGLs (~83%). After effect of the variables, in the experimental range considered, ~83% of FFAs were obtained using 50% buffer solution at pH 8.2 and 5% Lipozyme® TL IM enzyme, during 6 hours of reaction at 55 ºC and 400 rpm.
Keywords: Enzymatic catalysis, Hydrolysis, Experimental variables.
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Apontamentos
Direitos autorais 2022 Djéssica Tatiane Raspe, Camila da Silva, Ana Paula Guerra, Ana Claudia Santos da Rosa
Revista Brasileira de Meio Ambiente (Rev. Bras. Meio Ambiente) | ISSN: 2595-4431
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